(kai theōreite kai akouete hoti ou monon alla schedon pasēs tēs Asias ho Paulos houtos peisas metestēsen hikanon ochlon, legōn hoti ouk eisin theoi hoi dia cheirōn ginomenoi) In this use the genitive is also bringing into focus some form of contact, while still emphasizing kind of action: Thus, that which is being described in this verse is "night time action" i.e., action taking place under the cover of night. In this instance, the phrase "by night" is a translation of νυκτὸς, which is in the genitive. "but His disciples took him by night, and let him down through an opening in the wall, lowering him in a large basket" (Acts 9:25). (labontes de hoi mathētai autou dia tou teichous kathēkan auton chalasantes en spuridi) This use of the genitive emphasizes the kind of time rather than a point or duration of time: For example, οἴκου ( house) is in the genitive, and it is referring to the kind of action, house action, that is occurring i.e., action that is occurring within the house. This use of the genitive is one of its most distinctive in that it describes the kind of action being expressed in the noun with the genitive. Thus, it is italicized to indicate that it is understood by the context to be referring to " son" although it is not in the actual text. The word " son" is not in the original text. "And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother," (Matthew 4:21a). (Kai probas ekeithen eiden allous duo adelphous, Iakōbon ton kai Iōannēn ton adelphon autou,) Thus, you have, "Bill the of John," but in the Greek, you would know that this meant Bill was the "son of John." The word, "son," is the word being modified by the genitive, which for us would be, "of John." However, what we have with the genitive of relationship is that the word "son" is omitted. For example, if I were to say, "Bill, the son of John," you would have no problem understanding what I was saying. In addition, the context is that of a person being described in relation to a family member, and it is the noun describing that relationship that is omitted. This use of the genitive is similar to the above with the difference being that the noun being modified by the genitive is omitted, being understood by the context. In this Scripture passage, "Peter's home" is actually, "the home of Peter" in Greek, with "of Peter" being in the genitive case - τὴν οἰκίαν (Πέτρου) - tēn oikian … - "the house of Peter." "And when Jesus had come to Peter's home,…" (Matthew 8:14a). For instance, "The car of Bill" tells me that the car belongs to Bill, and Bill would be in the genitive case. This use of the genitive expresses the idea of ownership. The word "sin" describes what kind of "body" is being referred to thus, it is the genitive of description. "knowing this, that our old self was crucified with Him, that our body of sin might be done away with…"(Romans 6:6a). (touto ginōskontes hoti ho palaios hēmōn anthrōpos sunestaurōthē hina katargēthē̜ to sōma ) For example, "the house of blue" describes the house as being a "blue house" "the chair of reclining" describes a chair that is a "recliner." This function of the genitive is considered to be its basic usage i.e., it describes or depicts a noun.
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